据“现实主义”国际关系理论家的说法,在三个大国中的两个——俄罗斯和中国——反自由的情况下,你无法维系自由世界秩序。亚沙·芒克(Yascha Mounk)和罗伯托·斯特凡·佛阿(Roberto Stefan Foa)在《外交事务》(Foreign Affairs)杂志上的文章中指出,西方自由民主占据世界最强文化和经济力量的时代也许即将结束了。不出五年,“被认为是‘不自由’的国家——如中国、俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯等——所占全球收入比重将超过西方自由民主国家。”
America’s decision to abandon the global system it helped build, and then preserve for more than seven decades, marks a turning point, because others lack either the interest or the means to sustain it. The result will be a world that is less free, less prosperous, and less peaceful, for Americans and others alike.
attributes the demise of the postwar global system to its abandonment by the United States.
Despite an increasingly challenging economic and geopolitical environment, the global economy performed better than expected over the past year. But although analysts’ projections for 2023 were too pessimistic, it appears that consensus forecasts for the coming year may have have swung too far in the opposite direction.
worries that domestic political divisions and market volatility could exacerbate financial vulnerabilities.
If COP28 is to be judged a success, the UAE, as the summit’s host, and other hydrocarbon producers should promise to dedicate some of the windfall oil and gas profits they earned last year to accelerating the green transition in the Global South. Doing so could encourage historic and current emitters to pay their fair share.
urges oil-exporting countries to kickstart a program of green investment in the Global South at COP28.
坎布里奇—许多专家宣称1945年后的自由国际秩序已死,包括1948年《世界人权宣言》所提出的人权机制。最近,《外交政策》(Foreign Policy)在封面上刊登了一幅图,象征人权的白鸽被象征极权主义反动的血淋淋的利箭刺穿。
据“现实主义”国际关系理论家的说法,在三个大国中的两个——俄罗斯和中国——反自由的情况下,你无法维系自由世界秩序。亚沙·芒克(Yascha Mounk)和罗伯托·斯特凡·佛阿(Roberto Stefan Foa)在《外交事务》(Foreign Affairs)杂志上的文章中指出,西方自由民主占据世界最强文化和经济力量的时代也许即将结束了。不出五年,“被认为是‘不自由’的国家——如中国、俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯等——所占全球收入比重将超过西方自由民主国家。”
这一观点存在几个问题。首先,它依赖一个叫作购买力平价的指标,这个指标对于某些目的很有用,但对于比较国际影响力来说没有什么作用。按当前汇率,中国年GDP为12万亿美元,俄罗斯为2.5万亿美元,而美国为20万亿美元。但更严重的缺陷在于将中国和俄罗斯这样差异巨大的国家一股脑儿归结为极权轴心。如今并不存在20世纪30年代纳粹德国及其盟友这样的臭名昭著的轴心。
To continue reading, register now.
Subscribe now for unlimited access to everything PS has to offer.
Subscribe
As a registered user, you can enjoy more PS content every month – for free.
Register
Already have an account? Log in