It is hard to reconcile the jubilant mood of many business leaders with the uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine. While there are some positive signs of economic recovery, a sudden escalation could severely destabilize the global economy, cause a stock market crash, and accelerate deglobalization.
warns that the Ukraine war and economic fragmentation are still jeopardizing world growth prospects.
The nation that went to the gates of Moscow in World War II has become as aggressive as a cuddly cat. But with its decision to send Leopard 2 battle tanks to Ukraine, Germany's "culture of reticence," particularly with respect to Russia, may soon be a thing of the past.
examines the origins and implications of the landmark decision to send battle tanks to Ukraine.
发自剑桥——欧美已经对俄罗斯这个G20国家(入侵乌克兰前还是世界第11大经济体)实施了5个月的严厉经济和金融制裁。虽然制裁在近几个月间逐渐加码,但围绕其有效性、这场战争对市场和全球经济的更广泛影响以及西方下一步应如何作为的争论则仍未停歇。
关于第一个问题,尽管制裁效果并不如欧美所寄望般有效,但确实比克里姆林宫声称的更加严酷。俄罗斯央行预计今年本国GDP将收缩8~10%(其他方面预测的跌幅更大),同时还对增长潜力造成更为持久的损害。进出口已被严重扰乱,外国投资流入基本停止。短缺状况成倍增加,进一步推高了通胀。在此意义上该国已经不再拥有一个正常运作的外汇市场。
制裁的冲击本可以更大,所幸西方并未把俄罗斯能源部门包含在内,也没有更多国家响应美欧的制裁措施。由于这种情况并未发生,使得俄罗斯不至于承受到应有的压力。此外它还能继续借助各种后门进行交易——这类交易的重要性正随着当前制裁制度的延续而与日俱增。
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