

From semiconductors to electric vehicles, governments are identifying the strategic industries of the future and intervening to support them – abandoning decades of neoliberal orthodoxy in the process. Are industrial policies the key to tackling twenty-first-century economic challenges or a recipe for market distortions and lower efficiency?
墨西哥城—如美国总统特朗普所承诺的那样,北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)重新谈判已经开始。最初几轮协商已经释放出明确的信号:加拿大、墨西哥和美国所需要解决的分歧从根本上说在于政治,而不在于经济,并且各自国内的分歧不亚于彼此之间的分歧。
与流行的信念相反,现时代真正的全球贸易困境并非自由化与保护主义之争,而是资本的权利与人民的权利之争。在最近几年中,贸易契约加剧了这方面的失衡,它们没有为大多数人带来利益,而只是让一小撮强大的公司受益。
在此背景下,专注于改善各NAFTA经济体的贸易平衡是错误的方向。相反,谈判者们应该将目标放在扩大贸易收益的普及面,更好地利用来自地理接近、劳动力市场互补、人口动态和经济融合的合作机会。
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