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Economics

A chave para o desenvolvimento responsável da IA

Apr 24, 2023 Klaus Schwab and Cathy Li

GENEBRA – Nos últimos meses, o desenvolvimento da inteligência artificial acelerou de modo considerável, com sistemas gerativos de IA como ChatGPT e Midjourney transformando rapidamente uma série vasta de atividades profissionais e processos criativos. A janela de oportunidade para orientar o avanço desta poderosa tecnologia de maneiras que minimizem os riscos e maximizem os benefícios está se fechando depressa.

Capacidades baseadas em IA existem dentro de um continuum, com sistemas de IA gerativos como o GPT-4 (versão mais recente do ChatGPT) se enquadrando na categoria mais avançada. Dado que esses sistemas são os mais promissores e podem conduzir às armadilhas mais traiçoeiras, eles merecem uma análise particularmente cuidadosa das partes interessadas públicas e privadas.

Virtualmente todos os avanços tecnológicos tiveram efeitos positivos e negativos na sociedade. Por um lado, reforçaram a produtividade econômica e o crescimento do rendimento, ampliaram o acesso às tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, prolongaram a expectativa de vida humana e melhoraram o bem-estar geral. Por outro lado, levaram ao deslocamento de trabalhadores, à estagnação salarial, a uma desigualdade maior e a uma concentração crescente de recursos entre indivíduos e empresas.

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Klaus Schwab

Writing for PS since 2013
25 Commentaries

Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, is co-author of The Great Narrative: For a Better Future (Forum Publishing, 2022).

Cathy Li

Writing for PS since 2023
1 Commentary

Cathy Li is Head of AI, Data and Metaverse and a member of the Executive Committee at the World Economic Forum.

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0 Comments on this paragraph, 3 Comments on this article

vic lai Apr 26, 2023

Unless another breakthrough AI version of "ChatGPT-data-input" can soon be invented to persistently feed all the latest global (training) big data to the latest model of ChatGPT in real time (or, at most with a lag of only say a day), the world's latest available ChatGPT AI tool can only be as good, clever, and human-thinking-like as the latest global training big data fed into it.
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Say for example, if only all the global training big data up to before the date of invention of Heliocentrism is fed into it, the ChatGPT tool will only answer all questions related to astronomy based only on the good old but wrong model of Geocentrism, and so will be very misleading to all the astronomy-related users of this chat tool.
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Which means, ChatGPT will be most useful to those users the total knowledge database of whose professions won't increase in real time every day, such as say people in the legal profession, and so many lawyer-related jobs may be replaced by this chat tool one day in the near future.
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But one thing is sure, ChatGPT can never be as innovative as the human beings, since, at the end of the day, only the real-time non-stop interactions between us the human beings and the outside real world constantly surrounding us, can be the very origin of the true meanings of all our linguistic symbols and voices.
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Another obvious "problem" of ChatGPT is that almost all its answers seem to be "too formal," which are therefore not suitable for those special users who mostly need answers of the "Machiavellian" type.
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In short, we'll still have to patiently wait for the formal arrival of the Godot-like 4th Industrial Revolution (however defined) on this planet.
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Robert Wolff Apr 24, 2023

AI regulation is just one component of THE MESSAGE of limiting unethical competition that has overtaken the MSM recently as technological hyper-competition has become overtly destructive. Technology competition for superiority in military, economic and geopolitical conflicts has now fomented Great Power Competition, International Wars, Civil Wars and the Disintegration of the World’s Socio-Economic System which maintained economic and geopolitical harmony for the past 8 decades under the now defunct Western New World Order.

As regards AI, in the US so far it has been exploited as a tool by the rich to get richer and expropriate the wealth of the Middle Class (first by Wall Street Flash Trading and now by corporate marketing to manipulate people into buying their products – i.e., same purpose: to expropriate the wealth of the Middle and Lower Classes).

In China it is being used by the PRC to monitor and control people’s actions to comply with the dictates of the CCP. This simply shows the difference between the ruling American Regime and the Ruling Chinese Regime – the US ruled by private wealth and China ruled by the Communist Party. AI is used to ensure the power of the current Ruling Classes and their Ideologies in both nations (in both cases).

AI is constructed to manipulate people’s emotions and actions, and clearly that is the purpose of AI, and its tactics always consider the target’s situation (what are the culture, religion, language, status, lifestyle, interests and previous behavior of the person being targeted/manipulated?) [The Human Being is modeled as a Black Box defined by: if “this” Stimulus is applied then “that” Response is expected]. Some stimuli have high expectation (probability) of predicting the desired response, others less. This can also be taken into account to develop the most powerful and action-evoking AI algorithms for its target.

The ethical conflict is all about the purpose of the specific AI implementations (Intended Results).

Most important in my estimation is, “What is the purpose of the AI manipulation?” Is it to (1) Make profits for its implementer; (2) Regiment the behavior of the target for loyalty to the State; (3) Win a contest or war against a known adversary; or (4) a fourth possible purpose proposed by moralists which is to repurpose AI control of people to make life better for all and create a more stable world?

The ethical conflict is all about the purposes of the specific AI implementations (Intended Results).

Flash trading algorithms in daily stock market trade have already outwitted human traders based on understanding the emotional reactions to market news/stimuli that easily predicts market moves over a very short time period (a few seconds up to twenty minutes). Ethically, if the trading banks use these flash trading algorithms to make money to beat any human trader, then all purposes of AI implementation are “Fair Game”.

If flash trading AI algorithms used by US trading banks are not considered unethical, then veritably no use of AI can be considered unethical.

Smart people have been exploiting ignorant people since the beginning of time. The only difference is now that Artificial Intelligence (AI) on computers are better at manipulating our emotions and are reaching wider audiences.

The smartest gurus have authored an open white paper suggesting giving humans a break from this intrusion into their lives by limiting AI development and implementation of it. The authors warn of the “out-of-control” race “to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one – not even their creators – can understand, predict, or reliably control.”

Insofar as AI is concerned, since I have understood it and applied it for a very long time, it simply is a copy of human intelligence, transferred by computer programmers (I used to do that) into code establishing processes that manipulate human emotions > thoughts > actions.

I simply copied my thought processes in computer code onto the computer and I [once my thoughts were automated] no longer had to repeat those thought processes or report them to my superiors. (P.S. - They were making a bored planarian worm out of me anyway, and I had no motivation to live, except to follow the known maze, and even that became uninteresting because the “known reward” at the end of the maze [Food] no longer served my higher-level needs OF Love, Ego and [Self-Actualization] Being. So, I put it on a computer and automated it.)

So, can you now “Be Yourself?”. (Not without consequences!)

AI is nothing more than the “understanding” of the [Set Theory Of] stimulus > response of Human “Black Boxes” regarding their automaton responses to external stimuli. You are a “Black Box” for AI to discover and manipulate. (See “1984” by George Orwell, the most popular novel in Russia today).

AI, in other words, is just the ingestion of human procedural thought and its precursor emotions, into computer programs that evoke messages to humans based on its pre-knowledge of what actions it [likely] produces in them (Cause versus Effect). This [stimulus > response] theory of human behavior now guides INTERNATIONAL POLITICS, based on its knowledge of The Black Box Concept of stimulus > response in humans, i.e., the Science of the “Theory of Human Nature” [always situational in defined situations] as predicted by B.F. Skinner in his famous work “Beyond Freedom and Dignity”.

Your ‘persona’ is a known (as a “Black Box” in any “Relational Database”). I can push your buttons and your response is predictable to me, according to my “Model of Human Behavior”, but you can’t push mine (because I am immune to your demands on me).

As the main character in the movie “Yellow Bus” said, in his isolation as written in his diary before he died of starvation, “Meaning is in your relationships with other humans.”

Without sharing your thoughts and beliefs and emotions and intentions with other Humans, life is meaningless. But having to do it with computers is ethically bothersome to most people.
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