Comments 6

反全球化“英国退出”大爆发

Jun 30, 2016 Yoon Young-kwan

首尔—民粹主义、民族主义和仇外都为“脱欧”阵营在英国最近的欧盟成员资格公投中获胜贡献了力量。但这些力量只是更大的变局的表象：全世界范围内国家和市场关系的根本性变化。

自现代资本主义诞生以来，这两种人类活动的框架总体而言一直保持着独立。市场参与者追求经济利益，市场也随之在地理上不断扩大，而国家寻求人人遵守秩序和控制领土内的一切。一个商人可能察觉到外国的市场机会，但要追求这些机会，他会去找国家——最先找的是移民当局。

如何协调市场与国家之间的紧张是当今政治经济学的一个核心问题，一如十八世纪的亚当·斯密、十九世纪的弗雷德里希·李斯特（Friedrich List）和卡尔·马克思以及在整个二十世纪中叶就此问题进行长期论战的约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯和弗雷德里希·冯·哈耶克。

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0 Comments on this paragraph, 7 in all 7 Comments on this article

Theodore Schrader Aug 14, 2016

"Populism, nationalism and xenophopia are axiomatic," not quetioned, are listes as the reasons behind the BREXIT vote. I think BREXIT was a mistake, but I stopped reading the article at that point.
Arjun Bhaskaran Jul 7, 2016

I would like to point out that the author has missed one major aberration in the operation of Markets and State. It is the Corporate sector which is becoming a Frankenstein devouring the State and destroying the free market. An extreme form of Regulatory Capture of not just regulators but the entire State by the Corporate sector, is causing the popular revolt. Failure of Democracy to cut the Corporate sector to size, has made every one a puppet. A repeat of the British Parliament downsizing the East India Company, is set to happen, across the world economies.
Curtis Carpenter Jul 2, 2016

I admire this analysis, and agree that we're in uncharted waters right now. The relationship between the state, the markets -- and we really should consider the people -- is out of balance.

In a democracy, it seems to me, the people are in principle empowered to check the excesses of the state, and they depend in turn on the state to check the excesses of the market. When the people begin to believe that this relationship has been stood on its head -- with the market exerting control of the state and relying on the state to control the people -- Brexit would seem to be the mildest sort of response one could expect.

We live in interesting times.
Ott Toomet Jul 2, 2016

I think in the modern world one needs not just balance between state and market, but also strong supranational institutions, such as EU, UN, free trade agreements, etc. A major question is how to insert more democracy into those institutions.
Paul Daley Jul 1, 2016

The world can adapt to a measured pace of integration, even of labor and capital markets, but a measured pace requires institutions that lean against the flow of people and capital rather than augment them. Central banks that try to fight a foreign surplus of savings with their own flood of liquidity are globalization's worst enemy. The same goes for military powers that create chaos on each other's borders as NATO and Russia have done in Ukraine and Syria.

Tracing out long waves of globalization and national consolidation, as Yoon Young Kwan does here, may help some believe they can see the contours of history, but unless you identify the institutions at fault for generating or amplifying destabilizing waves, you're hardly likely to contribute to a solution.
Steve Hurst Jun 30, 2016

There is the point of view that labour supply and demand are at work and globalisation brought many more hands to the work place and impacted on the labour supply and demand balance. Further than artifical labour in the form of AI and robotics is having similar impacts. Brexit and other similar trends can be seen as workers attempting to intervene in processes that are fundamentally against them on a geographic basis. Unless labour supply and demand balance occurs, an unlikely prospect at the moment, similar movements to Brexit can almost certainlty be expected. The EU lost the opportunity to commence dealing with the issue with its frozen logic so will almost certainly be a long term loser, it repeatedly shows itself to be anything other than proactive. It also repeatedly favours corporations rather than SMEs when realistically SMEs are vital to the economy(s)
- Steve Hurst Jun 30, 2016
  
  @Phillip
  
  Its inevitable the empty wallet movement overcomes the treasure chest party at the ballot box as the number of empty wallets steadily increases driven by inequality mechanisms. If you aint got nuttin you got nuttin to lose. There is a welfare system in place but its effect is emasculating and longterm unemployment is correlated with psychological problems. The longterm and well established trend in growing youth unemployment is a timebomb at so many levels

http://prosyn.org/YapW09z/zh;

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反全球化“英国退出”大爆发

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