Since the 1990s, Western companies have invested a fortune in the Chinese economy, and tens of thousands of Chinese students have studied in US and European universities or worked in Western companies. None of this made China more democratic, and now it is heading toward an economic showdown with the US.
argue that the strategy of economic engagement has failed to mitigate the Chinese regime’s behavior.
While Chicago School orthodoxy says that humans can’t beat markets, behavioral economists insist that it’s humans who make markets, which means that humans can strive to improve their functioning. Which claim you believe has important implications for both economic theory and financial regulation.
uses Nobel laureate Robert J. Shiller’s work to buttress the case for a behavioral approach to economics.
发自伦敦—当前的疫情将那些负债累累的穷国推入了致命的两难境地。正如诺贝尔和平奖得主、埃塞俄比亚总理阿比·艾哈迈德(Abiy Ahmed)在去年4月所感叹的那样,各国领导人不得不在“继续偿还债务,或是转而将资源用于拯救人们的生命和生计”之间做出抉择。而当他们选择后者时,就必须想办法面对中国这个非洲最大的双边贷款国。
按照艾哈迈德的说法,如果想要埃塞俄比亚应对新冠病毒,暂停债务偿付是必不可少的。此举将在2020年4月至年底期间为埃塞俄比亚——也是全球其中一个最为贫穷的国家——节省17亿美元,如果能延长至2022年底则可节省35亿美元。他同时还指出有效的新冠应对措施将耗资30亿美元。
债务暂缓确实拯救了安哥拉,至少目前如此。在新冠病毒危机引发的大宗商品价格暴跌之下,安哥拉与乍得、刚果共和国、毛里塔尼亚和苏丹等国一道面临着严重的财政压力。但在去年9月安哥拉与三个主要债权人——包括中国开发银行(债务额145亿美元)和中国进出口银行(债务额50亿美元)——达成了协议,在未来三年内获得62亿美元的债务减免。
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