While carbon pricing and industrial policies may have enabled policymakers in the United States and Europe to avoid difficult political choices, we cannot rely on these tools to achieve crucial climate goals. Climate policies must move away from focusing on green taxes and subsidies and enter the age of politics.
explains why achieving climate goals requires a broader combination of sector-specific policy instruments.
The long-standing economic consensus that interest rates would remain low indefinitely, making debt cost-free, is no longer tenable. Even if inflation declines, soaring debt levels, deglobalization, and populist pressures will keep rates higher for the next decade than they were in the decade following the 2008 financial crisis.
thinks that policymakers and economists must reassess their beliefs in light of current market realities.
RIGA——欧盟委员会不帮助所有欧盟成员国实现各自的《京都议定书》目标,反而将本应共同分担的责任推到最新成员国头上。在欧盟内部,这些新成员国的环保效率已经是最高的,因此,委员会这样做,是在奖励低效率,会降低欧盟为净化环境所做 努力的效果。
委员会对拉脱维亚2008-2012国家分配计划(NAP)的决定,留给拉脱维亚的二氧化碳排放量配额只达到该国要求的55%。同样,爱沙尼亚和立陶宛也只得到了所求的配额的52-53%。其他欧盟新成员国的配额也被大幅削减,迫使波兰、捷克共和国、斯洛伐克与拉脱维亚一起提出司法异议。而原来的欧盟成员国几乎全部得到了所求配额的90%以上。
这是怎么回事?
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