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MÜNICH – Pourquoi la Grèce, l’Irlande et le Portugal ont-ils dû avoir recours à une aide financière de l’UE et pourquoi l’Espagne risque-t-elle d’être le prochain pays sur la liste ?
Pour beaucoup, la réponse est évidente : les marchés internationaux ne veulent plus financer les GIPS (acronyme anglais pour Portugal, Irlande, Grèce et Espagne). Mais ce n’est qu’à moitié vrai. En fait, les marchés internationaux n’ont financé aucun de ces pays de manière importante ces trois dernières années. Ils ont été financés par la Banque centrale européenne (BCE). Le système de règlement bancaire TARGET, jusqu’à présent ignoré par les médias, montre que la BCE a été beaucoup plus impliquée dans les plans de sauvetage qu’on ne le pense généralement.
Mais la BCE ne souhaite plus aujourd’hui poursuivre dans cette voie et voudrait que les membres de la zone euro prennent le relais.
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