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先求复苏，再求改革

Oct 20, 2011 Robert Skidelsky

伦敦——始于2007年的金融危机在2年时间里让世界经济收缩了6%，让失业人数翻了一倍。危机最有可能的原因是银行的掠夺式放贷，因此人民自然感到十分愤怒，要求银行家下台、减少银行高管薪酬——这一情绪甚至激发了当前风靡全球的“占领华尔街”运动。

但是，银行不仅是问题的一部分，也是解决方案的关键组成部分。造成危机的机构必须出力解决危机，办法就是重新开始贷款。在全球需求不振的背景下，当务之急毫无疑问是复苏，但也不能将在政治上不讨好的改革的目标束之高阁

改革的共同基础是我们需要重新监管金融服务业。在危机之前，专家们信誓旦旦地宣称，对于“有效”的金融市场，大可安心让它们自己监管自己。2006年，IMF宣布“信贷风险通过银行分散给各式各样的投资者……这让银行业乃至整个金融体系更加稳定……”可谓金融业强盗时代精神的写照。结果，“商业银行似乎……在冲击面前不堪一击。”

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Robert Skidelsky

Writing for PS since 2003
145 Commentaries

Robert Skidelsky, Professor Emeritus of Political Economy at Warwick University and a fellow of the British Academy in history and economics, is a member of the British House of Lords. The author of a three-volume biography of John Maynard Keynes, he began his political career in the Labour party, became the Conservative Party’s spokesman for Treasury affairs in the House of Lords, and was eventually forced out of the Conservative Party for his opposition to NATO’s intervention in Kosovo in 1999.