J. Bradford DeLong, Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley, is a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research and the author of Slouching Towards Utopia: An Economic History of the Twentieth Century (Basic Books, 2022). He was Deputy Assistant US Treasury Secretary during the Clinton Administration, where he was heavily involved in budget and trade negotiations. His role in designing the bailout of Mexico during the 1994 peso crisis placed him at the forefront of Latin America’s transformation into a region of open economies, and cemented his stature as a leading voice in economic-policy debates.
伯克利—联合国可持续发展目标(SDG)一共十七个,人们期望以此解决包括贫困、饥饿、疾病、不平等、气候变化、生态破坏以及其他许多相关问题。显然,十七个目标太多了。据说腓特烈大帝曾说过,“想要捍卫一切,结果什么都捍卫不了。”类似地,强调一切等于什么都不强调。
这就引出了通过共识制定目标的问题:到头来,这些目标就成了一份建设人间天堂的清单。但要想有效,目标应该像是高速公路,让你抵达具体目的地的速度大大快于观光小径。因此,构建共识的目的应该是将我们引到高速公路入口,一旦进入了高速公路,想转错或掉头都难。
尽管如此,路上仍然可能会有障碍。清华大学的沈联涛(Andrew Sheng)和香港大学的肖耿认为,这些障碍包括“技术破坏、地缘政治对立和社会不平等性加剧”,但首先是“对包括贸易保护主义在内的民族主义政策的民粹主义吁求”。
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