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在数百年的时间里，当科学和数学正经历着一段伟大发明的时代，世界上的一个地区脱颖而出。这些学科的大师们在那里倍受尊崇，医药迅猛发展，普通人也对大自然的奥秘充满了好奇。如是，这一地区也毫不意外地得到全球来自全球的尊敬。
而在这个星球已知的另一半，科学家们却被惩罚，甚至惨遭杀戮。数学作为非宗教的异端被法律禁止，进而沦为宗教的附庸。那里的生活水平也甚为低下。
那片繁荣的地方是伊斯兰教的中东，而相形之下的就是陷于困顿的无知欧洲。两个地区都处于宗教统治之下（历史学家们对这样背景下宗教的作用和特点意见不一），但科学只在其中的一个地区得以兴旺。当然，现今伊斯兰教的中东和西方的角色发生了逆转。
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