At the end of European Communism, there was a widespread, euphoric hope that freedom and democracy would bring a better life; eventually, though, many lost that hope. The problem, under both Communism and the new liberal dispensation, was that those pursuing grand social projects had embraced ideology instead of philosophy.
considers what an Albanian Marxist philosopher can tell us about liberty in today's world.
For the US, Slovakia's general election may produce another unreliable allied government. But instead of turning a blind eye to such allies, as President Joe Biden has been doing with Poland, or confronting them with an uncompromising stance, the US should spearhead efforts to help mend flawed democracies.
reflect on the outcome of Slovakia's general election in the run-up to Poland's decisive vote.
纽约——
美国考虑提高自己设定的债务上限,由是我们可以好好想想为何美国的公债水平会如此之高,以及这样的公债水平意味着什么。随着茶党的崛起,共和党可能会强力反对提高债务上限,但最后他们会妥协,因为,且不说其他因素,用债务融资的战争(比如阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争)要比现收现付的战争(选民用税金支持战争)更能令人接受。
事实上,美国在债务上的激烈争论反映了一条普遍真理:自古以来,战争就是一柄双刃剑。人类社会的互相杀戮和蹂躏比最险恶的自然灾害还要令人发指。但战争也有有利的一面,因为在打仗在使人口流动起来的同时也政治流动了起来。
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