Kenneth Rogoff, Professor of Economics and Public Policy at Harvard University and recipient of the 2011 Deutsche Bank Prize in Financial Economics, was the chief economist of the International Monetary Fund from 2001 to 2003. He is co-author of This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly (Princeton University Press, 2011) and author of The Curse of Cash (Princeton University Press, 2016).
发自剑桥——日益喧嚣的评论将当前美国通胀率激增的责任完全归咎于美联储,但其中许多都近乎愚蠢天真地低估了美联储和全球其他央行近年来不得不应付的政治压力。
在美国,当急于将进步理念付诸实践的民主党人在2021年1月控制了白宫和国会时,美联储面临的压力达到了顶峰。虽说美联储在许多方面都拥有极大独立性,但它从未享有几乎等同于欧洲中央银行的那种体制独立性。
相反,美联储是美国国会一个(在理论上)可以在短时间内彻底扭转的产物。重点在于美联储主席的任期总会在新总统任期开始后的一年内届满,同时拜登政府还有权任命其他几个美联储职位。尽管人们一直对“美联储打包”(Fed packing,增加新职位以左右央行投票多数)的想法不甚在意,但美联储官员肯定已经注意到了拜登政府关于是否通过增加大法官人数来对抗最高法院保守派多数的讨论。
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