用尼克松的办法解决伊朗问题？

May 22, 2012 William H. Luers , Thomas R. Pickering

华盛顿—把船上的躺椅换掉救不了泰坦尼克号。为越南谈判的谈判桌形状争执不休对于结束这场恶性冲突也无济于事。尽管如此，不少美国总统仍然凭借大幅改变与敌谈判的方法在不发动战争的情况下解决了国家安全问题。如今，伊朗和谈判也需要作出此类大幅改变。

1933年，富兰克林·罗斯福与苏联外交部长李维诺夫进行了个人谈判，这便是两国外交关系之滥觞。1959年，艾森豪威尔邀请赫鲁晓夫访美，开了苏联领导人访美之先河。20世纪60年代，华沙美中双边会谈一直没有取得进展，直到尼克松及其国务卿基辛格另辟蹊径，在巴基斯坦的协助下与中国开展了更加直接的交流。

与伊朗就其核计划所开展的国际谈判也需要引入新概念、扩大谈判日程。上个月的伊斯坦布尔会议达成了积极意向。双方决定应该避免相互指责和毫无助益的扯淡。通向温和目标的初步一致的大门已经敞开了。

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William H. Luers

Writing for PS since 2012
1 Commentary

William H. Luers served as US Ambassador to Czechoslovakia and Venezuela, and President of the United Nations Association from 1999 to 2009.

Thomas R. Pickering

Writing for PS since 2012
3 Commentaries

Thomas R. Pickering, Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs in the Clinton administration, served as US Ambassador to Russia, Israel, India, Jordan, and the United Nations. He is the Vice Chair of Hills & Company.

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Ivan Azymov May 23, 2012

'..progress would become easier.'

Progress in what, exactly? And for whom?

Iranians are NOT interested in conquest disguised as 'Democracy'. They are not interested in occupation disguised as 'help'. And they are not interested in becoming a colony disguised as yet another addition to an 'alliance'.

The IAEA has not found n iota of weapons-grade material despite numerous inspections to every location deemed suspect. Yet, the U.S. insists Iran is lacking in cooperation.

Logic dictates the conflict is not about the thinly veiled argument of non-cooperation, but instead, it is about control.

Iran understands this, and clearly sees past the subterfuge purported by the U.S., and thus maintains itself on guard (and rightly so). Regardless of attempts at reconciliation, if the philosophies on both sides remain the same (a likely possibility), the end solution will also amount to the same: confrontation.

It is surprising to see the same errors repeated time and again to this day--should the U.S. keep pressing for control in the Middle East, despite the existing differences amongst the arab-speaking countries, said push for dominance may have the opposite effect: unification in order to prevent conquest by a foreign power.

In the 1960s, an initiative to permanently limit nuclear armament to a few 'select' countries was launched. The initiative was flawed from the beginning, given that Russia was included as a matter of consequence.

I recall being astonished at the arrogance of such an initiative. Knowledge cannot be systematically and indefinitely supressed--humanity simply does not function in that manner.

Numerous present (and past) 'world leaders' subscribe to the fallacy of absolute control. They refuse to accept the fact that provided time, discoveries and accomplishments are duplicated--even in isolation. They also purport to respect sovereignty, though their actions speak volumes to the contrary. Unless the U.S. and allied countries accept these facts (and subsequently conduct themselves in a manner which accommodates the actuality and right of sovereign states), the end result will always be conflict. Regrettably, in light of the unchanging pattern, the inevitable escalation may prove to be catastrophic--for all involved.
- Kevin Lim May 24, 2012
  
  You suggest the real issue is control. Arguable. But you then suggest that we should not aim for total control.
  
  If ever there was an area of knowledge for which total control is required, it is the technology behind building a nuclear weapon.
  
  Your objections are both philisophical (we must respect state sovereignty) and practical (they are gonna figure it out sooner or later). Your philosophical argument assumes that state sovereignty is inviolate. But international law has never recognised state sovereignty as something so absolute e.g. A state can not hide behind state sovereignty to perpetuate genocide. When it comes to nuclear weapons, the stakes are so large that state sovereignty should not, cannot be a defence. You object to the hypocrisy that some states are permitted such weapons. Granted, but that is a practical concession not a philosophical one. Once a state develops a significant nuclear arsenal, in the ultimate analysis who has the leverage to compel it to relinquish it? So is it hypocritical? Yes, but you are just gonna have to get over it because every new state that possesses such weapons results in creating more flash points and more global instability as power relationships try to reach a new equilibrium.
  
  As for your practical argument, that is simply countered. The development of nuclear weapons is not something that governments accidentally stumble upon. It is a deliberate choice. And like all deliberate choices it can be influenced. Iran is seeking such weapons because it fears (rightly) that the US is seeking regime change. It is of course not entirely innocent in that affair but thats an argument for another time. With the right incentives e.g. assurances of non-interference, ending of sanctions, and the right disincentives e.g. further sanctions, perhaps it can be convinced that it can reach an accomodation with the West that does not involve having the Bomb. We may already be seeing the beginnings of that accomodation - Khamanei has recently declared possession of such weapons as a "grave sin" a position that it will be hard to back track from, and in Israel policy makers are openly saying that Iran is not seeking the Bomb. A face-saving accomodation can be reached which would allow Iran to have nuclear energy with the assurances that the world needs that it cannot easily turn that technology to warlike ends.
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用尼克松的办法解决伊朗问题？

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