China’s exceptional growth in recent decades has influenced the education and career choices of young people and their families. But now that high-skilled jobs are drying up and recent graduates are struggling to find work, there is a growing mismatch between expectations and new realities.
argues that the rise in joblessness among young people does not spell economic apocalypse for China.
Since 1960, only a few countries in Latin America have narrowed the gap between their per capita income and that of the United States, while most of the region has lagged far behind. Making up for lost ground will require a coordinated effort, involving both technocratic tinkering and bold political leadership.
explain what it will take finally to achieve economic convergence with advanced economies.
巴黎—2010年初,一批身穿黑西装的男人(和少数女人)来到雅典。他们中有的一个名叫国际货币基金组织(IMF)的全球机构,其他来自欧盟委员会和欧洲央行。他们的任务是与希腊谈判金融援助的条款和条件。几个月后,这批被称为“三驾马车”的机构的人士又先后来到爱尔兰、波兰和塞浦路斯。
如此卖力自然会引起广泛影响。三驾马车谈的是最终成为有史以来最大金融援助的计划:IMF和欧洲伙伴给希腊的贷款高达2400亿欧元,或该国2013年GDP的130%——比此前任何国家所获得的规模都要大,不管以绝对数字还是相对比例而言。给爱尔兰(850欧元)和葡萄牙(780亿欧元)的贷款也远远超过了IMF通常提供的贷款量。
此外,这三大机构之间的合作前所未有。1997—1998年亚洲金融危机期间,G7断然拒绝了日本成立亚洲货币基金的方案。如今,IMF甚至接受了次要贷款人的角色,援助的大头将来自欧洲稳定机制(European Stability Mechanism,ESM),这是个被广泛视为欧洲货币基金雏形的机构。
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