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旧金山——科学为个人和政府提供了无价的指导源泉。这种说法之所以能够成立，部分原因是科学家常常能够预测当前行为将在未来产生的后果。
比如，我们知道如果某个人一天吸两包香烟，那么他很有可能在40多年以后患上严重的癌症。而科学家们预测，除非我们严格限制全世界石油和煤等资源的消耗，否则气候将持续变暖，海洋水位升高，北极和南极无数坚冰融化——并由此导致海平面灾难性的升高。
有成千上万个活生生的例子表明，决策者认真对待科学对未来预测的意义非常重大，这还只是其中的两例而已。但是尽管如此，科学研究的成果仍然太过经常地在事关重大的决策中被人们忽略。
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