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LONDÝN – Jaké důsledky bude mít automatizace – takzvaný „vzestup robotů“ – na mzdy a zaměstnanost v průběhu příštích desetiletí? Tato otázka se dnes vynoří, kdykoli vzroste nezaměstnanost.
Počátkem devatenáctého století David Ricardo uvažoval o možnosti, že stroje nahradí lidskou práci; navázal na něj Karel Marx. Zhruba ve stejné době luddité rozbíjeli textilní stroje, neboť měli za to, že jim berou zaměstnání.
Pak strach ze strojů opadl. Brzy vznikla a snadno se hledala nová pracovní místa – s vyššími platy, příjemnějšími podmínkami a pro větší počet lidí. To však neznamená, že ony prvotní obavy byly mylné. Právě naopak, ve velmi dlouhém výhledu musí být oprávněné: dříve či později pracovní místa dojdou.
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