While carbon pricing and industrial policies may have enabled policymakers in the United States and Europe to avoid difficult political choices, we cannot rely on these tools to achieve crucial climate goals. Climate policies must move away from focusing on green taxes and subsidies and enter the age of politics.
explains why achieving climate goals requires a broader combination of sector-specific policy instruments.
The long-standing economic consensus that interest rates would remain low indefinitely, making debt cost-free, is no longer tenable. Even if inflation declines, soaring debt levels, deglobalization, and populist pressures will keep rates higher for the next decade than they were in the decade following the 2008 financial crisis.
thinks that policymakers and economists must reassess their beliefs in light of current market realities.
发自香港——美国总统特朗普最近在联合国演讲中发表的一番古怪好斗的言论——其中包括威胁退出伊朗核协议和“彻底摧毁”朝鲜——引发了外界的极大关注。他的声明明确传达了一个信息:特朗普认为主权国家仍然至高无上,国家利益也可凌驾于人类共同目标。这对实现联合国可持续发展目标可不是一个好兆头。
在特朗普上台的前一年,联合国通过了可持续发展目标,要求各国在气候变化,贫困,公共卫生等关键性全球目标上进行合作。但在这个蔑视国际合作的年代——更别提在特朗普政府中根深蒂固的否定气候变化的信条——实现可持续发展目标看来只是一厢情愿。
由于来自颠覆性技术的冲击、地缘政治对抗以及日益扩大的社会不平等,联合国可持续发展目标的实现一直都面临着强大阻力。而那些民粹主义者呼吁实施的民族主义政策(包括贸易保护主义)则更增强了这些阻力。简而言之,普罗大众已经开始怀疑良好的治理(包括货币和财政纪律)和自由市场这类全球发展正统路线可以使自己受益。
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