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纽约—在美国总统奥巴马开拓性地访问古巴后，滚石乐队在哈瓦那举行的免费音乐会看起来相对而言就算不上什么大事了。奥巴马在半个多世纪的深度敌对后重新开启了美国和古巴的关系。而年逾古稀的滚石乐队成员只不过是表演了几首吵吵闹闹的音乐。
但是，从象征意义上说，滚石音乐会绝不是小事。要理解滚石在数十万狂热的古巴“粉丝”面前表演的重要性，你必须先理解对于共产党独裁统治下的人民来说摇滚乐意味着什么。
比如，20世纪70年代，和其他共产主义国家一样，捷克斯洛伐克是一个沉闷、压抑、毫无乐趣可言的地方，平庸的党的御用文人决定着基调，创造力被强制的因循守旧所压制。摇滚乐被认为是有毒的资本主义堕落形式。20世纪70年代末，一个叫宇宙塑料人（Plastic People of the Universe）的用英语演出的本地摇滚乐队因为“有组织地破坏和平”而被捕。滚石和其他西方团体的唱片是被禁止的。
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