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为机器人争权利？

Dec 14, 2009 Agata Sagan , Peter Singer

发自普林斯顿/华沙——就在上个月，一间叫Gecko Systems的公司对外宣称正对其设计制造的“全自动私人伴护起居料理机器人”（又名“机器小保姆”）进行试验运行，该机器人的设计目的是协助老人或残疾人独立生活。在该公司的报告内容里，一位患有短暂失忆症的妇女在听到机器人问“是否要来一碗雪糕”时露出了灿烂的笑容，欣然回答道：“好啊，”接着机器人大概就自动完成了余下的工作。

其实机器人早就承担了许多工作，从造汽车，拆炸弹，再到令人不寒而栗的导弹发射任务。许多大人和小孩都拥有机器人玩具，同时也有越来越多的家庭使用真空清洁机器人来打扫卫生——以及娱乐家里的猫儿（我们在YouTube上看到了这一幕）。甚至还有机器人足球世界杯，不过就去年夏天在奥地利格拉茨市举办球赛的水平来看，人类足球运动员目前还没什么可担心的（当然，棋类项目就另当别论了）。

大部分家居使用的机器人在设计上都是以功能性为主。比如Gecko System设计的“机器小保姆”看起来就很像电影《星球大战》中那个机器人R2-D2。而日本本田和索尼公司设计的机器人则更类似于《星球大战》中的那个叫C-3PO的人形机器人。还有一些机器人已经拥有了柔软而富有弹性的躯体，人类的脸蛋，表情以及一系列肢体动作。比如汉森机器人公司就有了一个名叫阿尔伯特的机器人演示模型，其面部表情与大科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的惊人地相似。

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Agata Sagan

Writing for PS since 2009
4 Commentaries

Agata Sagan is an independent researcher based in Warsaw.

Peter Singer

Writing for PS since 2001
163 Commentaries

Peter Singer is Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University, Laureate Professor in the School of Historical and Philosophical Studies at the University of Melbourne, and founder of the non-profit organization The Life You Can Save. His books include Animal Liberation, Practical Ethics, The Ethics of What We Eat (with Jim Mason), Rethinking Life and Death, The Point of View of the Universe, co-authored with Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek, The Most Good You Can Do, Famine, Affluence, and Morality, One World Now, Ethics in the Real World, and Utilitarianism: A Very Short Introduction, also with Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek. In 2013, he was named the world's third "most influential contemporary thinker" by the Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute.