In a rapidly digitalizing world, central banks are staring down a future in which they may lack the tools necessary to manage crises, and in which they may no longer be able to protect their monetary sovereignty. They should recognize that digital currency is a source of institutional salvation.
thinks governments must embrace central bank digital currencies or risk a fundamental loss of control.
坎布里奇——所有富裕国家富有几乎都是利用了技术进步的关系。他们把大部分劳动力从农村移到城市,从而更轻松地共享知识。他们的家庭少生孩子并为子女提供更深入的教育,从而深入推动技术进步。
穷国要想致富就必须经历类似的变化:增加非农就业人数、推进城市化、少生孩子、延长孩子的学校教育。这样做就能打开繁荣之门。这不已经是摆在我们面前的现实?
比方说,我们来比较一下2010年的巴西和1960年的英国。2010年巴西的城市化率为84.3%;生育率为每名妇女1.8胎;劳动力的平均受教育年限为7.2年;潜在劳动力的5.2%为大学毕业生。这些社会指标超过了英国1960年的水平。当时英国的城市化率只有78.4%;生育率为每名妇女2.7胎;劳动力平均受教育年限为6年,大学毕业生仅占潜在劳动力的不到2%。
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