

Though Polish voters in October ousted their right-wing populist government, recent elections in Slovakia and the Netherlands show that populism remains as malign and potent a political force as ever in Europe. But these outcomes also hold important lessons for the United States, where the specter of Donald Trump’s return to the White House haunts the runup to the 2024 presidential election.
伦敦——欧盟应如何回应英国脱欧的狭隘决策?欧洲领导人现在正集中全力,防止其他国家离开欧元区或欧盟。要留在欧盟俱乐部的首要国家是意大利,意大利正面临着10月即将举行的公投,此次公投有可能为反欧元五星运动得势铺平道路。
对欧洲危机蔓延的恐惧合情合理,因为英国退欧公投的结果成功导致了欧盟碎片化政治的转型。之前,退出欧盟或欧元运动的鼓吹者可以被讥笑为空想家或被谴责为法西斯分子(或极左分子)。但现在已经不再可能。
英国脱欧已经将“退出”(无论是欧盟还是欧元)变成了所有国家的一种现实选择。一旦英国向欧盟提交正式通知(通过激活《里斯本条约》第50条),那种选择将进入各地政治辩论的主流。欧洲外交关系委员会所进行的研究已经发现还有18个国家提出了34项反欧盟的公决要求。即便每项挑战仅有5%的成功机会,但其中至少一项有高达83%的概率取得成功。
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