Artificial intelligence is being designed and deployed by corporate America in ways that will disempower and displace workers and degrade the consumer experience, ultimately disappointing most investors. Yet economic history shows that it does not have to be this way.
worry that the technology will be deployed to replace, rather than empower, humans.
Amid labor-supply constraints and economic shocks, the case for productivity-boosting interventions is clear. Unless US policymakers use a combination of investment and incentives to reverse negative productivity trends, the US will achieve modest growth, at best.
urge policymakers to pursue interventions aimed at reducing supply constraints in the non-tradable sector.
坎布里奇—本月,欧盟将迎来其创始条约——罗马条约签订60周年。罗马条约建立了欧洲经济共同体。当然,值得庆祝的方面很多。在经历了几个世纪的战争、动荡和大屠杀后,欧洲进入了和平与民主的时期。欧盟将11个前苏联国家纳入它的阵营,成功地指引了它们的后共产主义转型。而在不平等性的时代,欧盟成员国的收入差距是全世界最小的。
但这些都是过去的成就。如今,欧盟陷入了深刻的生存危机,其未来也颇可怀疑。症候随处可见:英国退欧、希腊和西班牙畸高的年轻人失业率、意大利的债务和停滞、民粹主义运动兴起,还有对移民和欧元的攻讦。所有这些都表明,欧洲的制度需要一场大修。
因此,欧盟委员会主席容克新发布的欧洲未来白皮书可谓正逢其时。容克提出了五条可能的道路:坚持当前日程;只关注单一市场;允许其中一些国家比其他国家更快地走向一体化;精简日程;以及坚定推进统一和更全面的一体化。
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