Though Polish voters in October ousted their right-wing populist government, recent elections in Slovakia and the Netherlands show that populism remains as malign and potent a political force as ever in Europe. But these outcomes also hold important lessons for the United States, where the specter of Donald Trump’s return to the White House haunts the runup to the 2024 presidential election.
发自马德里——伊朗和所谓“5+1”集团(联合国安理会美英俄法中五大常任理事国+德国)之间的最后一轮核问题会谈刚刚揭开帷幕。在2011年一月的谈判无疾而终,并随后经历了一年多的僵局后,这场对话对很多人来说都是最后一个能为这持续十几年的冲突找到和平解决方案的机会(笔者在2006至2009年间也作为西方主要谈判代表经历了此事)。
对于本次谈判的双方最高代表,欧盟外交政策主管凯瑟琳·阿什顿和伊朗首席谈判员萨义德·贾里里来说,对话的目的依然是寻求伊朗停止铀浓缩,服从安理会决议并履行《核不扩散条约》下的相关责任义务。但也有许多因素提升了本次会谈的战略重要性。
首先,自上次对话以来,伊朗国内的经济政治形势已经发生了显著的变化。自从国际原子能机构在去年11月确认伊朗核计划正在向制造核武器(而非发电或者医疗同位素)方面发展后,该国受到的国际压力也不断增加,伊朗的石油出口和伊朗中央银行的交易都遭到了新一轮制裁。
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