Martin Feldstein was Professor of Economics at Harvard University and President Emeritus of the National Bureau of Economic Research. He chaired President Ronald Reagan’s Council of Economic Advisers from 1982 to 1984. In 2006, he was appointed to President Bush's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, and, in 2009, was appointed to President Obama's Economic Recovery Advisory Board. He was also on the board of directors of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission, and the Group of 30, a non-profit, international body that seeks greater understanding of global economic issues.
美国剑桥—如今,长期利率极低,这是不可持续的,导致了债券和其他证券存在泡沫。当利率上升时——必将如此——泡沫就会破裂,这些证券的价格将下跌,持有者将受伤。由于银行和其他高杠杆金融机构都是这些证券的持有者,因此泡沫破灭可能导致破产和金融市场崩溃。
毫无疑问,美国长期国债的超低利率是当前金融资产错误定价的例子。十年期美国国债的名义利率还不到2%。由于通货膨胀率也在2%左右,因此实际利率是负的,这一点可以从十年期通胀保护国债(TIPS,其还本付息额须经通胀调整)上得到映证,十年期TIPS利率为-0.6%。
从历史上看,十年期美国国债的实际利率一直高于2%;因此,眼下约2%的利率低于历史平均水平。但历史利率是在财政赤字和联邦政府债务远比今天低的时期录得的。再过十年,预算赤字预计将达GDP的5%,而债务/GDP比率在过去五年中翻了一番且将继续上升,因此美国国债实际利率应该远比过去高。
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