

From semiconductors to electric vehicles, governments are identifying the strategic industries of the future and intervening to support them – abandoning decades of neoliberal orthodoxy in the process. Are industrial policies the key to tackling twenty-first-century economic challenges or a recipe for market distortions and lower efficiency?
北京—数字金融已经成为一场出乎人们意料的革命,因为它让低成本金融包容(financial inclusion)成为可能。拜新金融技术所赐,消费者可以无缝购物,移民可以以低廉的成本将血汗钱汇给家庭,小企业可以通过大数据驱动的资料审核过程在几分钟之内就获得信用,储蓄者也可以自主配置投资。但如果金融技术要想充分实现潜能、推动这项全球公共品的普及,就需要考虑另一个因素:环境。
联合国环境规划署(UNEP)最近发布了一份名为《金融技术和可持续发展:影响评估》(Fintech and Sustainable Development: Assessing the Implications)的报告,探索了应该如何利用数字金融来赢得环境收益。报告指出,通过降低成本、增进效率,金融技术已经开始动员绿色金融,让穷人能够通过创新性支付系统获得清洁能源,也便利了富人和穷人的绿色储蓄。
比如,瑞典初创企业Trine让斯德哥尔摩市中心的储蓄者能够为数千公里外的农村地区的分布式太阳能系统提供资金。肯尼亚的M-KOPA利用获得巨大成功的国内移动支付平台M-PESA,让贫困社区也能获得清洁能源。其他实验则突显出区块链和加密货币的绿色潜能。
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