Michael Spence, a Nobel laureate in economics, is Professor of Economics Emeritus and a former dean of the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University. He is Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Senior Advisor to General Atlantic, and Chairman of the firm’s Global Growth Institute. He serves on the Academic Committee at Luohan Academy, and chairs the Advisory Board of the Asia Global Institute. He was chairman of the independent Commission on Growth and Development, an international body that from 2006-10 analyzed opportunities for global economic growth, and is the author of The Next Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multispeed World (Macmillan Publishers, 2012).
北京—全球经济日益疲软,很大程度上是因为深刻、普遍的不确定感。而这一不确定性的一大来源就是中美“贸易战”。
斯坦福大学的刘遵义(Lawrence J. Lau)指出,问题不在于以牙还牙的关税影响太大——也许对美国和中国的某些行业影响很大,而在于这场冲突让人们怀疑全球经济联动的未来,折导致中国和美国,以及它们和各自的贸易伙伴间投资和消费下降。
此外,在中国,国家在经济中的作用有所扩张。国有企业重新成为年轻求职者的首选,也受到主要为国有的银行部门的青睐,尽管许多国有企业其实应该重组而非继续经营。与此同时,许多民营企业发现信用稀缺且极其昂贵,破产情况也越来越多。时不时会有政策干预试图扭转这些长期存在的公私部门不对称,但收效甚微。
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