While Europe bears disproportionate historical responsibility for climate change, it accounts for just 7.5% of global emissions today, meaning that the actions taken within the EU can have only a limited impact on the world’s climate. In fact, the only solution to climate change is a global one.
reiterates the EU’s commitment to advancing mitigation and adaptation, at home and globally.
Rather than reducing concentrated market power through “disruption” or “creative destruction,” technological innovation historically has only added to the problem, by awarding monopolies to just one or a few dominant firms. And market forces offer no remedy to the problem; only public policy can provide that.
shows that technological change leads not to disruption, but to deeper, more enduring forms of market power.
法兰克福——德国应对金融危机的情况比绝大多数邻国要好得多。虽然1999年还戴着欧洲病夫的帽子,但今天的德国拥有欧洲大陆最强势经济,以及约占欧洲四分之一的出口份额。失业率还不到5%,比欧洲平均失业率低一半左右。德国还在十年来首次实现了平衡联邦预算的目标。
但如果就此认为经济表现证明了决策正确性将是个错误。事实上,德国目前的经济霸权地位背后的政策构架与二战后“经济奇迹”的缔造者,前总理路德维希·艾哈德所倡导的构架截然不同。
与艾哈德所谓的秩序自由主义(即政府通过积极监管法律环境为正常市场经济奠定基础)形成鲜明的对照,默克尔政府推行的经济战略具有很大随意性,相比于基础理念更多受到政治功利目标的推动。德国最好不要以理所当然的姿态来看待自己取得的经济成功。在经济和政治变数不断扩大的背景下,更凸显出艾哈德指导原则前所未有的重要性。
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