It is hard to reconcile the jubilant mood of many business leaders with the uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine. While there are some positive signs of economic recovery, a sudden escalation could severely destabilize the global economy, cause a stock market crash, and accelerate deglobalization.
warns that the Ukraine war and economic fragmentation are still jeopardizing world growth prospects.
The nation that went to the gates of Moscow in World War II has become as aggressive as a cuddly cat. But with its decision to send Leopard 2 battle tanks to Ukraine, Germany's "culture of reticence," particularly with respect to Russia, may soon be a thing of the past.
examines the origins and implications of the landmark decision to send battle tanks to Ukraine.
纽黑文—回忆可能是微妙的。我一直对上世纪70年代的通货膨胀心有余悸。50年前,我作为美联储的一名职业经济学家刚刚开始了我的职业生涯,当时作为一名美联储内部人士,我亲眼目睹了大通胀的起因。那场通货膨胀让我对金融业有了一种创伤后应激障碍,这是我挥之不去的梦魇。现如今,梦魇又回归了。
梦魇的焦点集中在美联储当时的传奇主席阿瑟•F•伯恩斯(Arthur F.Burns)身上,他作为经济周期专家为美联储带来了独特的视角。1946年,他与人合著了一本权威论著,讲述19世纪中叶美国经济看似有规律的起起落落。当他的下属令人感到害怕,尤其是对于我这种职位的人来说。我的任务是每周举行正式的简报会,内容正是伯恩斯最了解的话题。他利用自己的知识储备在员工做报告时挑刺儿。我很快发现我们讲的内容他无所不知。
然而,以铁腕手段执掌美联储的伯恩斯缺乏一个分析框架来评估实体经济与通胀之间的相互作用,以及这种关系如何与货币政策联系在一起。他是一个迷恋数据的人,倾向于将自己作为决策者所面临的问题分割开来,尤其是当出现大通胀早期迹象时。他认为价格走势与经济周期一样受到特殊因素(或外生因素)的严重影响—这些都是与货币政策无关的“噪音”。
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