In an era of geopolitical rebalancing, Europe needs a more cohesive stance in international forums, together with stronger strategic partnerships, to enhance its global influence. Spain can contribute to these goals when it assumes the presidency of the Council of the EU next month – if domestic politics do not get in the way.
worries that a snap election will undermine the effectiveness of the country’s Council of the EU presidency.
In April, the European Commission released an updated proposal for reforming the Stability and Growth Pact that includes more rigid debt “safeguards.” But the changes defeat the entire purpose of devising a new framework for member states’ fiscal policies.
shows why the European Commission’s latest proposal, in contrast to its predecessor, solves nothing.
伦敦—我已经有四年多没有关注国际金融和经济预测了,但在我在这一领域全职工作的30多年里所学到的经验仍在影响我看待世界的方式。一个经验是,衡量一个实体的经济和金融表现,可以通过将其与该实体的基本潜力和市场对它的表现的估值来进行。将这一方法应用到主要经济体中,就能发现一些令人惊奇的观察,以及可能。
首先,与流行的信念相反,世界增长在这个十年并不令人特别失望。据国际货币基金组织(IMF),从2010年到2016年,全球产出增长平均年率为3.4%。这或许要低于2000—2010年间的平均水平,但仍比20世纪80和90年代的增长率要高——而这二十年通常并不认为属于经济令人失望的年代。
分解某些国家的表现能提供更进一步的洞见。尽管受到了巨大的政治冲击,但美国和英国表现仍达到了预期。中国、印度和日本的增长也接近潜在水平。比较罕见的是没有一个主要经济体表现大幅超过潜在水平。
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