Rather than reducing concentrated market power through “disruption” or “creative destruction,” technological innovation historically has only added to the problem, by awarding monopolies to just one or a few dominant firms. And market forces offer no remedy to the problem; only public policy can provide that.
shows that technological change leads not to disruption, but to deeper, more enduring forms of market power.
The passing of America’s preeminent foreign-policy thinker and practitioner marks the end of an era. Throughout his long and extraordinarily influential career, Henry Kissinger built a legacy that Americans would be wise to heed in this new era of great-power politics and global disarray.
reviews the life and career of America’s preeminent foreign-policy scholar-practitioner.
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发自剑桥—关于世界经济的评论从来都不乏对加强全球合作的劝谕。“任何地方发生的事情都会影响到所有人......[所以]很显然世界需要更多的......国际协调与合作,”一位国际货币基金组织主要官员在2013年写道。“几乎每一个破坏世界稳定的问题......都是全球性的,只有通过一个全球性联盟方能应对,”一位知名专栏作家在2019年对前者表示响应。
由于美国和其他主要发达经济体日益将其国内议程置于首位,近年来对全球治理不足和多边主义削弱的担忧有所加剧。单边手段已经在贸易、工业政策和气候转型方面占据了主导地位。就连世界贸易组织这个我们逐渐远离的超全球化时代所取得的全球治理最高成就都沦为了一个无所作为的旁观者。
对那些全球主义评论家来说这显然是个坏消息。然而对全球经济来说其后果却不那么明显——还可能是有益的。事实上在一个各国政府都专注于实现自身可持续繁荣和社会凝聚力的世界里全球经济也能良好运转。在仔细审视之下进行全球经济治理的依据其实要比通常预想的要弱得多。
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