Since the 1990s, Western companies have invested a fortune in the Chinese economy, and tens of thousands of Chinese students have studied in US and European universities or worked in Western companies. None of this made China more democratic, and now it is heading toward an economic showdown with the US.
argue that the strategy of economic engagement has failed to mitigate the Chinese regime’s behavior.
While Chicago School orthodoxy says that humans can’t beat markets, behavioral economists insist that it’s humans who make markets, which means that humans can strive to improve their functioning. Which claim you believe has important implications for both economic theory and financial regulation.
uses Nobel laureate Robert J. Shiller’s work to buttress the case for a behavioral approach to economics.
发自华盛顿特区——随着民主浪潮席卷整个阿拉伯地区,白俄罗斯这块欧洲前苏联阵营最后阵地的形势也急剧恶化——总统亚历山大·卢卡申科于去年12月暴力镇压大选后示威活动并将9位反对他的总统候选人中的7位投入监狱。而在世界各国及地区政府——尤其是欧盟——对此作出回应之时,他们应当将卢卡申科的残酷镇压视为一个重要的转折点:该政权已经无法获得民众的支持,并被迫面对其腐朽落后的社会经济模式所导致的恶果了。
卢卡申科的政权是构筑在三大基础之上的:首先是政府承诺维护民族独立并确保民众至少能拥有一份低收入,而“交易”的筹码则是要民众默许独裁统治;其次是一个不断灌输这种价值观和“交易”必要性的宣传机器;最后则是具体执行这一“交易”的庞大特务机关。
或许在1994年卢卡申科首次上台并执政至今的这十几年间,大多数白俄罗斯人确实认同过这种统治,因为他们相信这样能令自己不致遭遇邻国俄罗斯的那种“东方式的疯狂资本主义”所引发的乱象:腐败丛生的私有化,失业和黑手党统治。但随着时间的流逝以及白俄罗斯人逐渐了解西方,对卢卡申科的信任就再也无法维系下去了。
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