The Alliance’s leaders are preparing to gather for a summit at a critical moment for European security. But even if Turkish opposition to Finland and Sweden’s membership bids can eventually be overcome, is Europe adequately prepared to serve as a capable military partner for NATO?
CAMBRIDGE – In August 2008, Russian troops moved into Georgia. Observers dispute who fired first, but there was a little noticed dimension of the conflict that will have major repercussions for the future.
Computer hackers attacked Georgian government Web sites in the weeks preceding the outbreak of armed conflict. The Russia-Georgia conflict represents the first significant cyber attacks accompanying armed conflict. Welcome to the twenty-first century.
Cyber threats and potential cyber warfare illustrate the increased vulnerabilities and loss of control in modern societies. Governments have mainly been concerned about hacker attacks on their own bureaucracy’s information technology infrastructure, but there are social vulnerabilities well beyond government computers.
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