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Fifteen years after the collapse of the US investment bank Lehman Brothers triggered a devastating global financial crisis, the banking system is in trouble again. Central bankers and financial regulators each seem to bear some of the blame for the recent tumult, but there is significant disagreement over how much – and what, if anything, can be done to avoid a deeper crisis.
苏黎世—1955年，美国计算机科学家约翰·麦卡锡（John McCarthy）创造了“人工智能”一词，自此以后，公众构想出一个有意识的计算机和机器人能像人一样思考和行动的未来。但尽管这一未来确实可能到来，目前还至相当遥远。
但可以预见的计算前沿亦相当令人激动。我们已经进入了IBM所谓的认知时代。计算的突破正在增强我们利用大量数据的能力，为某些全世界最重要的决定提供指导，并有望革命整个产业。
“认知计算”一词是指这样的系统，它没有明确的程序，而是为了学习经验而打造。这些系统从无结构的数据中提取有用的信息，从而加快了信息时代，帮助用户完成范围甚广的一系列任务，包括识别独特的市场机会、发现疾病新疗法、为城市、公司和社区制定创新解决方案等。
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