Though Polish voters in October ousted their right-wing populist government, recent elections in Slovakia and the Netherlands show that populism remains as malign and potent a political force as ever in Europe. But these outcomes also hold important lessons for the United States, where the specter of Donald Trump’s return to the White House haunts the runup to the 2024 presidential election.
北京—中国的改革走入了死胡同,根本利益的冲突和微妙的阻力机制阻碍了进步。在这些障碍被排除前,陷入减速的中国经济——2014年增长率为7.4%,是近四分之一世纪以来的最低值——几乎没有希望依靠改革给自己带来需要的推力。
中国领导人很熟悉实施彻底改革可能面临的困难。1978年,邓小平果断启动“改革开放”时,他也面临着激烈的反对——大多来自思想顽固的理论家和革命到底派。正如邓小平的地位和铁腕让他能够战胜反对者、让中国经济走上现代化进程,现任国家主席习近平的果断领导也能克服既得利益,实施必要的改革。
当然,协调中国的根本性利益不合绝非易事——因为利益集团不会公开透明地讨论改革,更不会反对。相反,他们指出改革风险太高,或者清除改革的具体规定。迄今为止,在减少政府干预方面只做出了很小的妥协,所影响到的权力要么无关紧要,要么实际上根本不存在。
To continue reading, register now.
Subscribe now for unlimited access to everything PS has to offer.
Subscribe
As a registered user, you can enjoy more PS content every month – for free.
Register
Already have an account? Log in