Michael Spence, a Nobel laureate in economics, is Professor of Economics Emeritus and a former dean of the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University. He is Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Senior Adviser to General Atlantic, and Chairman of the firm’s Global Growth Institute. He is Chair of the Advisory Board of the Asia Global Institute and serves on the Academic Committee at Luohan Academy. He is a former chair of the Commission on Growth and Development and the author of The Next Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multispeed World (Macmillan Publishers, 2012).
劳德代尔堡—从去年 11 月的承诺升级美国道路、桥梁和宽带的 1.2 万亿美元基础设施法案,到最近颁布的将拨款超过 520 亿美元用于推动美国半导体行业的《芯片和科学法案》,重大经济立法成为美国近期的热点。可能很快就能再加上《降低通胀法案》(IRA)——现已在参议院通过,并提交给众议院。
在当前由零和思维塑造的两极化的政治环境中,这样的突破几乎可以被认为是奇迹。逆转过去的长期投资不足是惊人的成就。 (虽然与经济没有直接关系,但近 30 年来第一个在国会通过的枪支管制立法也值得一提。)评论员将它们吹捧为美国总统拜登和民主党的胜利显然操之过急。许多观察者还在观望它们是否有助于在 11 月的中期选举中扭转局面。
无论其政治含义如何,基础设施法案、CHIPS 法案和 IRA 对美国增长潜力的长期投资,以及平衡其增长模式的诸多维度——特别是在二氧化碳减排和可持续性——都是巨大的提振。
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