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From semiconductors to electric vehicles, governments are identifying the strategic industries of the future and intervening to support them – abandoning decades of neoliberal orthodoxy in the process. Are industrial policies the key to tackling twenty-first-century economic challenges or a recipe for market distortions and lower efficiency?
华盛顿——现在就说明2019年新冠疫情对撒哈拉以南非洲地区所造成的人道和健康损害有多重还为时尚早。但疫情流行对经济所造成的严重后果已经明显可以看到。
自20世纪90年代初以来，我一直断断续续地在撒哈拉以南非洲地区工作，而目前非洲所面临的经济挑战可以说在那段时期前所未有。非洲地区今年预计面临的经济萎缩——国内生产总值至少注定缩减1.6%，而人均数据则缩减4%——至少将是自1970年以来最剧烈的。
此次疫情对地区威胁如此之大有若干理由。首先，此前爆发的非洲危机，例如，由自然灾害和大宗商品价格暴跌所造成的危机，对非洲经济所造成的影响一直是差异化的。但没有那个国家能够躲过病毒所造成的经济后果。
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