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亚的斯亚贝巴——气候变化最先、也最沉重地打击了非洲这块从未造成过气候变化的大陆。
除南极洲以外，非洲恐怕是唯一一块尚未实现工业化的大陆。事实上，在20世纪80年代以后，非洲大陆的工业化进程就总体而言已经发生了逆转。非洲也因此没有在以碳为基础的工业化温室气体积累中扮演任何角色。此外，非洲目前的碳排放也微乎其微，非洲所有的碳排放几乎全部来自森林砍伐以及森林和农田的逐步退化。
但气候变化对非洲的打击却最大，因为它严重影响到非洲大陆脆弱的农业部门，而农业部门养活了70%的非洲人口。对全球变暖可能影响的所有预测都表明非洲大部分地区将会更加干旱，而从整体而言非洲大陆将出现更为剧烈的气候变化。
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