The Russian state’s ideological madness and reversion to warlordism have been abetted by a religious fundamentalism that openly celebrates death in the name of achieving a god-like status. As Vladimir Putin’s propagandists are telling Russians, “Life is overrated.”
traces the religious and intellectual roots of the Kremlin’s increasingly morbid war propaganda.
It is hard to reconcile the jubilant mood of many business leaders with the uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine. While there are some positive signs of economic recovery, a sudden escalation could severely destabilize the global economy, cause a stock market crash, and accelerate deglobalization.
warns that the Ukraine war and economic fragmentation are still jeopardizing world growth prospects.
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发自华盛顿特区——在全美各地,新生们正在进入大学——并开始接触“经济学入门”课程。这门入门课程通常会教授一个在很大程度上令人放心的信息:如果允许市场发挥作用,就必然会获得良好的结果——如生产力增长、工资增长以及大众普遍共享的繁荣。
不幸的是,正如我某本著作的合著者詹姆斯·郭(James Kwak)在其新书《经济学主义:坏经济学和不平等的兴起》中所指出的那样,“经济学入门”远远无法涵盖这门学科的所有内容,甚至如果拿来指导明智政策制定的话,实际上可以被认为是存在误导性的。市场有可能是好的,但它们也极易受到各类滥用行为的影响——有些甚至出自知名私营部门从业者之手。这不是理论上的问题;它是我们当前政策辩论的核心,包括刚刚提出的重要新立法法案。
一个核心问题是市场激励机制会奖励那些自利的个人行为,而不考虑社会的利益或成本。我们通常忽略了自身行为对他人的溢出效应或“外部性”。“初级经济学”教科书虽然确实在某些事件背景下(例如污染)讨论过这一问题,而人们也普遍同意:如果想拥有洁净空气、洁净的水以及减少其他污染物,就需要对破坏环境行为加以规管。
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